The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate how central bank interest rates affect various macroeconomic indicators, such as unemployment, inflation, economic growth, exchange rates, investments, and consumption. The study examines the transmission οf monetary policy through different tools, such as policy rates and central bank announcements. Additionally, it analyzes the channels of monetary policy transmission, including the interest rate channel, the credit channel, the exchange rate channel, the asset price channel, and the expectations channel. Finally, it explores how the transmission of monetary policy may differ depending on certain conditions, such as the structure and characteristics of the banking system, the economic cycle, and the presence of fixed or floating exchange rates.